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Academic-historical research into Jewish mysticism is a modern multi-discipline University branch of Jewish studies. It studies the texts and historical contexts of Judaic mysticism using objective historical-critical methods of Religious studies, such as Philology, History of ideas, Social history and Phenomenology. The historical development of Jewish mysticism under study covers the range of phases, forms and expressions, from early Rabbinic Merkabah mysticism, through Medieval Hasidei Ashkenaz and Classical Kabbalah, early-modern Safed Kabbalah and Sabbateanism, to modern Hasidism and 20th century expressions. It is often seen as a parallel field to academic research into rationalist Jewish philosophy, though some scholars contribute in both areas. In Israel both subjects, together with Ethical literature, share the unbrella department of Jewish thought. Historical research into Jewish mysticism was first prepared by the 19th century Wissenschaft des Judentums school, whose historiography ignored, opposed or downplayed Kabbalah. The founding of the present flourishing University discipline is attributed to Gershom Scholem and his school in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in the 20th century, whose historiography positioned Jewish mysticism as a mainstream vitalising source in the centre of Jewish development. A second generation of scholars are today found in Israel, the United States and Europe. The field is broadly divided into three camps:〔''Studies in East European Jewish Mysticism and Hasidism'' (Littman Library of Jewish Civilization). The introduction by Joseph Dan surveys the field of Jewish mysticism academia today, citing the first two categories as two departments in Universities: the (philological) "mystics" and the (social) "historians". In the past, each kept to separate domains, but now multi-disciplinary crossover fertilisation prevails. The third, religious historiography camp is referenced in the academic scholarship, welcoming the research, but cautioning use of its findings〕 # Professors/researchers of Jewish mysticism/thought in academia, who study Jewish mysticism through its internal textual development # Professors/researchers of Jewish history/society in academia, who contribute to the study of Jewish mysticism through its external social contexts # Independent historian researchers outside of Universities, who follow a religious historiography, but use the scholarly academic apparatus of research, sourcing and presentation. This research is most common in relation to Hasidism, due to its social popularisation of Kabbalah. These works are not usually cited in the critical-methodology of academia, but work is being done to examine their findings Spiritual figures within the Jewish mystical tradition are not listed here, but in Timeline List of Jewish Kabbalists. Contemporary teachers of Jewish mysticism across the Jewish denominations, listed there, should only be listed here if they also publish scholarly-form historical research into Jewish mysticism. Academic scholars of Jewish mysticism have followed a diverse range in personal belief commitment or detachment to Jewish mysticism, independent of their research. == Prelude historians of Judaism before Scholem == * Heinrich Graetz (Wissenschaft des Judentums, disparaged Kabbalah) * Jewish Encyclopedia 1901-1906 (Wissenschaft des Judentums) * Simon Dubnow (historian and folkist ideologue, initial Hasidism history) * Moses Gaster (folklorist) * Isaac Broyde (author of Jewish Encyclopedia articles) * Adolf Jellinek (Austrian Rabbi and scholar) * Adolphe Frank (French scholar) * Samuel A. Horodetzky (Scholar of Kabbalah and Hasidism) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Jewish mysticism scholars」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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